with的复合结构

with的复合结构在句中表状态或说明背景情况，常做伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语。常见形式有七种，with+名词/代词+介词短语（形容词/副词/名词/done/-ing分词/to do）。

with复合结构的常见形式

1.with+名词/代词+介词短语

The man was walking on the street,with a book under his arm.

那人在街上走着，腋下夹着一本书。

2.with+名词/代词+形容词

With the weather so close and stuffy,ten to one it’ll rain presently.

天气这么闷热，十之八九要下雨。

3.with+名词/代词+副词

The square looks more beautiful than even with all the light on.所有的灯亮起来，广场看起来更美。

4.with+名词/代词+名词

He left home,with his wife a hopeless soul.他走了，妻子十分伤心。

5.with+名词/代词+done（此结构过去分词和宾语是被动关系，表示动作已经完成。）

With this problem solved，neomycin 1 is now in regular production.

随着这个问题的解决，新霉素一号现在已经正式产生。

6.with+名词/代词+-ing分词(此结构强调名词是-ing分词的动作的发出者或某动作、状态正在进行。)

He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring at him.全班同学看着他，他感到更不自然了。

7.with+宾语+to do（此结构中，不定式和宾语是被动关系，表示尚未发生的动作）

So in the afternoon，with nothing to do，I went on a round of the bookshops.

由于下午无事可做，我就去书店转了转。

with复合结构作状语

1.表示伴随状况

(1)She left the office with tears in her eyes.她眼里含着泪，离开了办公室。

(2)He was covered with a national flag with his face exposed.一面国旗盖在他身上，脸露在外面。

2.表示原因

(1)With his key lost,he couldn’t get into the office.由于钥匙丢了，他进不了办公室。

(2)With the weather changed,we decided to put off the sports meet.由于天气的变化，我们决定推迟运动会。

3.表示时间

(1)The children began to watch TV with the homework done.孩子们完成作业以后开始看电视。

(2)The meeting was over with the problem settled.问题解决以后，会议结束了。

4.表示条件

(1)I’d like to see the new film with time permitting.如果时间许可，我想看那部新电影。

(2)We will have an outing tomorrow with weather fine.如果明天天气好的话，我们要去郊游。

5.表示结果

(1)The battle ended with the enemy defeated.战斗结束了，敌人被打败了。

(2)They have finished the peace talks with the agreements reached.他们结束了和谈，达成了协议。